Illusion of understanding. What are the reasons for people's misunderstanding?

There are the following ways in which we make sense of our experience and all information. Knowing them helps us understand how we communicate with each other and with the world. 1. Crossing out information. When crossing out, we "omit" some of the information. Such a filter is important, especially now, when the information flow is huge. We learn only what at the moment seems useful and necessary to us, and we do not pay attention to all the "superfluous". 2. Generalization or generalization. Quite often, we use larger categories that include multiple subcategories. In different contexts, we can disaggregate and generalize information. In life, we do this all the time when we give things or events a more general meaning. 3. Distortion. Examples of distortion are our "yellow press", various gossip and gossip. Remember the children's game "Broken Phone". The essence is the same. We are constantly in the "illusion of understanding" of each other. We pass words through our own perceptual filter, we get information that corresponds to our experience, and we try to give it meaning.