The brain of a sleeping person wakes up more than a hundred times a night, and this is normal.

Frequent awakenings of the brain during sleep is absolutely normal. This process is important for memory - short awakenings reboot the brain so that it can retain all memories. It takes about 30 seconds from the peak of one wave of norepinephrine to another. The deeper the low point, the stronger the sleep and the higher the next peak, and hence the degree of awakening. These conclusions were reached by scientists from the University of Copenhagen in the course of experiments on mice. The researchers believe the results of the work will be useful in the creation of new antidepressants.

It turns out that blood is divided into six groups, and not four, as previously thought.

This conclusion was made by researchers from the University of Vermont. New species were identified thanks to another discovery - two proteins ABCB6 and ABCG2, located on the surface of red blood cells. Junior and Langereis - this is the name given to new blood types. It turned out that these groups are quite rare and are found in some Americans, in a fairly large number of Japanese and, also, in European gypsies.

In Germany, they created a robotic dog that learned to walk on its own.

The four-legged robot corrected its gait after each stumble, and after an hour was able to walk firmly and confidently. The robotic dog is controlled by an algorithm loaded with very little information about its legs, such as the exact shape of various elements.

Scientists infiltrated the brains of flies and began to remotely control them.

Thermal sensors in fly brain neurons have been genetically engineered. They are ion channels that respond to temperature changes. When the sensors received heat signals, the neurons fired and caused the fruit flies to spread their wings. The results of the experiments will help scientists treat neurological disorders in humans accurately and with virtually no surgery. Now the team is focused on finding methods to restore vision.

A cafe has opened in Japan where you will be forced to work.

The cafe owner looks after discipline and silence. The place is visited by those who need to complete a project in a short time, but they cannot bring themselves to start work. Every 30 minutes, the owner of the cafe comes up and learns about the progress in the implementation of the project, and also reminds about the deadline. The cost of an hour in a cafe is $2.5.

Sommelier neural network appeared.

The algorithm determines the degree and variety of wine with an accuracy of 95%. At the same time, the hardware consumes less power and works faster than analogues. The neural network was trained on the characteristics of 148 wines from three types of grapes. Each virtual drink was described by 13 parameters: degree, color, alkalinity, magnesium content, and others.

Special penalty.

The Australian Aborigines had a special form of execution, which consisted in performing a “curse” ritual on the criminal. Very often the “damned” died within a few days after that - so strong was the belief in this ritual.

About cinema.

The scene in The Wolf of Wall Street where McConaughey hits his chest was not in the script. It's just that the actor was so relaxed in fact, and DiCaprio, seeing this, offered to include the scene in the film.

The engineer built a radio-controlled submarine from LEGO.

The design has a pressure sensor, a laser distance sensor and an automatic depth controller. This is the fourth and most advanced version of the submarine - in 20 minutes it covered 200 meters along a shallow river.

Here is the ring!

India's SWA Diamonds has created a ring with a record 23,679 diamonds. A decoration called "Ami" ("Immortality") has been added to the Guinness Book of Records. It is made in the form of an edible pink oyster mushroom growing in the tropics. The cost of a 340-gram ring is $95,000.

Heat waves are more dangerous for women than for men.

Dutch scientists analyzed the consequences of a heat wave recorded in 2003 in France. It turned out that taking into account the same age, the mortality rate among women is 15% higher than among men. Experts attribute this to the different intensity of sweating and the work of the cardiovascular system in the two sexes.

An American single-handedly cleared the mangrove forests on the coral islands of the Florida Keys from 10 tons of garbage

Namely: syringes, used hygiene items, furniture, auto parts and mirrors. It took five years. First, 35-year-old Andrew Otazo cleaned up an abandoned camp for fugitives. Then he began to collect garbage all over the coast, even while freediving. Andrew believes that a sewer system would solve the problem, but so far the local authorities have no plans to install it.

In broccoli, they found a substance that heals wounds twice as fast as antibiotics.

Israeli scientists have found that diindolylmethane (DIM), found in broccoli, cauliflower and other vegetables, heals wounds twice as fast as antibiotics. An ointment based on diindolylmethane was tested on pigs. It turned out that the substance interferes with the vital activity of bacteria. Thanks to this, the wounds are healed in five days. Medicines with antibiotics heal them in ten. Now scientists are working on the creation of a full-fledged ointment suitable for people. If the trials are successful, she could replace antibiotics.

Aquarium fish can count.

Aquarium fish can count. Aquarium fish, in particular zebrafish, perceive magnitudes - they understand how many objects are in front of them. For mathematical calculations, fish connect parts of the brain similar to those used by mammals and birds. This ability helps to assess the amount of food or competitors.

In China, a dead mosquito helped catch a burglar.

Police tracked down a burglar while investigating a burglary in Fuzhou City, Fujian Province. Examining the robbed apartments in one of the residential complexes, the investigators came to the conclusion that the offender stayed there for the night. Leftover noodles, egg shells and used mosquito repellent were found in the apartment. In addition, a crushed insect was found on the wall, which helped to solve the theft. After collecting blood samples left after the killed mosquito, the police conducted a DNA test, which led them to a previously convicted man named Chai. After 19 days, the thief was found and arrested. Further investigation uncovered three more burglaries by the same perpetrator.

The manufacturer of Skittles was sued over a poisonous dye that changes DNA.

American consumers have filed a lawsuit against Mars in a California state court. The plaintiffs allege that the level of titanium dioxide (E171) in Skittles candies is exceeded. This additive is used in paints, adhesives, plastics and can cause DNA, brain and organ damage, as well as damage to the liver and kidneys.

Scientists have figured out why woodpeckers don't get brain damage.

They disproved the popular hypothesis that why woodpeckers don't get concussions when they bang their heads on wood. Previously it was believed that the structure of the skull absorbs shocks, but the researchers proved that the heads of woodpeckers are more like hard hammers, rather than protective helmets. The authors of the new study believe this is because their brains are too small. The pressure ensures the safety of the woodpecker's brain, and the force on it is below that which can lead to a concussion. However, these birds are not immune to traumatic brain injury. They can get it if, instead of wood, they mistakenly start chiseling metal.

The largest ATM manufacturer in the US will add the ability to buy cryptocurrencies.

The U.S. arm of South Korean ATM maker Hyosung has signed a partnership with cryptocurrency provider DigitalMint that will allow the purchase of bitcoin at the firm's 175,000 ATMs located in the U.S. However, it is up to device operators to decide if they want to enable this service. Therefore, it is likely that not all of Hyosung's 175,000 ATMs will actually support the purchase of cryptocurrencies. According to the press release, it is bitcoins that will be available for purchase to users at the first stage. The United States has the largest number of cryptomats. According to Coin ATM Radar, 33,772 devices have already been installed in the country. And in total there are about 38,430 devices in the world.

Engineers have grown most of the human heart in miniature - and it's beating.

The cells that make up the heart were obtained from the cardiovascular tissues of young rats and then grown on a layer of a scaffold printed from a polymer with grooves to guide tissue growth. This flat mesh made the structure mimic the arrangement of the fibers of the human left ventricular heart muscle, from which blood is ejected into the aorta with one strong contraction. The difference of the new model is also that it is made of several layers of cells - just like a real heart.

Heinz created spoon-shaped french fries.

To commemorate National French Fry Day on July 13, Heinz released French fries in the shape of a Spoon Friez spoon that can scoop up the perfect amount of ketchup. While announcing the remarkable invention, Heinz said that he had also conducted a study showing that 95% of people refuse to eat potatoes without sauce. Another 84% of people are annoyed that they can't achieve the perfect potato to ketchup ratio.